Exercise and Asthma
Many people with asthma believe exercise is not
an option for them, that it will do more harm than
good. The truth is that most asthmatics would likely
benefit from some form of regular physical activity.
The ABCs of Asthma
Twelve percent to 15 percent of the population
are considered asthmatics and suffer recurrent
attacks of breathlessness. The severity of an asthma
attack can vary greatly, from slight breathlessness
to respiratory failure. Common symptoms include
wheezing, a dry cough and tightness in the chest.
Attacks may be brought on by an allergic
response, a respiratory infection, tobacco smoke,
air pollutants, anxiety or stress. Exercise induced
asthma (EIA) is usually brought on by vigorous
aerobic activity.
Exercising with Asthma
Despite the fact that asthma may be brought on by
aerobic activity, exercise may still be a desirable
option for many asthmatics. Research indicates that
as tolerance for physical exertion is built up over
time, it is less likely that an asthmatic will
experience an attack during exercise. And, in
addition to reducing the risk of developing many
other diseases, appropriate exercise can help
asthmatics reduce stress, sleep better and feel more
energized.
It might surprise you to know that even
world-class athletes, such as Olympic gold medalist
Jackie-Joyner Kersee, continue to compete after
being diagnosed with asthma.
Have a thorough medical evaluation and obtain
your doctor's permission before beginning any type
of exercise program. This is an absolutely essential
first step. Your physician may prescribe medications
that might further aid in controlling your
condition. You will need specific instructions on
when to take the medication before exercising and
how long the effects will last.
Once you have received clearance from your doctor
to begin an exercise program, consider the following
guidelines:
Take extra time to warm up before exercising. A
prolonged period of low-level aerobic activity will
help prepare your body for higher-intensity
exercise.
Exercise toward the lower end of your target
heart rate. Exercises such as walking or swimming
are great for asthmatics because they are low
intensity and may be done for longer periods of
time. Those who wish to participate in
higher-intensity exercise, such as running or
fast-paced sports, should slowly increase intensity
over time.
Rest when necessary and listen to what your body
is telling you. Strength-training exercises are
unlikely to cause an asthma attack if you rest
between sets.
Avoid exercising in polluted environments, or in
cold or dry air.
Don't rush through your cool down; extending it
can help prevent the asthma attacks that occur
immediately following an exercise session. A warm
bath or shower may also help.
Keep Your Options Open
Asthma does not necessarily mean you have to live
an inactive life. Regular physical activity is one
of the best things you can do for both your health
and your overall well-being. As long as you and your
physician are comfortable with your level of
activity, nothing should keep you from doing the
activities that keep you happy and healthy.
These exercises are listed in order from most to
least likely to induce an asthma attack:
- outdoor running
- treadmill running
- cycling
- walking
- pool swimming
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